Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part D (2025)

Background: High entry glucose levels in non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction are independently linked to larger infarct sizes and an increased death rate compared to those with normal glucose levels. There has also been a strong link shown between glycemia and shock or the onset of heart failure.
Aim and objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of admission hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methodology: The study involved 150 non-diabetic STEMI patients admitted to a Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India from July 2024 to June 2025. Individuals with acute myocardial infarction confirmed by ECG, cardiac enzymes, and clinical symptoms indicative of acute myocardial infarction, who lacked a prior history of diabetes and had HbA1c levels <6.5, were incorporated into the study. 
Results: Out of the patients whose entry blood glucose levels were less than or equal to 140 mg%, 6 (8.10%) experienced cardiogenic shock, 4 (5.40%) had arrhythmias, 3 (4.05%) had AV block (≥2nd degree), and 5 (6.75%) passed away while hospitalized. Out of the patients whose blood glucose levels were higher than 140 mg% upon admission, 16 suffered cardiogenic shock (21.05%), 14 arrhythmias (18.42%), 11 AV block (14.47%), and 14 patients died while hospitalized. Patients whose entrance blood glucose levels were greater than 140 mg% had a substantially increased risk of complications and fatality. 
Conclusion: Hospital sequelae such as cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, and AV block, as well as mortality, are more common in non-diabetic patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction who had hyperglycemia at admission.