Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Genital prolapse is one of the pathological conditions that contribute to dyspareunia occurrence.
Objective: to study the prevalence and nature of dyspareunia in different age groups of women with pelvic organ prolapse in the context of other manifestations of sexual dysfunction.
Material and Methods: We examined 191 sexually active women aged between 27 and 69 years old with pelvic organ prolapse. Two study groups were formed: a reproductive period group aged between 27 and 46 years old consisting of 98 women, and a group of 66 menopausal women aged between 51 and 69 years old. The degree of pelvic organ prolapse was determined according to the POPQ classification. At the first stage, the frequency of dyspareunia manifestations was determined in the two combined study groups using a self-controlled questionnaire to determine the index of female sexual function. The results were compared with the parameters obtained during a questionnaire survey in two control groups of 35 healthy and sexually active women. At the second stage, the frequency of manifestations of dyspareunia was compared between the study and control groups at different periods of life.
Results: Dyspareunia was detected in 43.3±3.9% women based on a questionnaire survey performed in two combined groups of women in the reproductive and menopausal periods of their life suffering from pelvic organ prolapse. Parameters of sexual function of women of reproductive age with clinical manifestations of pelvic organ prolapse differed significantly from the parameters of healthy women. Such a pronounced decrease in sexual desire occurred in 27 (27.6±4.5%) women (p<0.05), a pronounced decrease in vaginal lubrication was noted in 48 (49.0±5.0%) women (p<0.01), constant pain during sexual intercourse occurred in 31 (31.6±4.7%) women (p<0.01). Parameters of sexual function of women of reproductive age with clinical manifestations of pelvic organ prolapse were significantly worse than those of healthy women.
Conclusions: Severe manifestations of dyspareunia in women suffering from pelvic organ prolapse are observed significantly more often compared to healthy women. This is due to a decrease in vaginal lubrication caused by poor circulation and trophic changes that occur in case of genital organs prolapse.